What is smectic mesophase?
C Calamitic Mesophases. Molecules with cylindrical shape can form, in addition to the N and cholesteric phases, a class of phases that are known as the smectic mesophases which are layered structures. They all possess translational order in the direction perpendicular to the layers.
What is liquid crystal state?
Liquid crystal (LC) is a state of matter that has properties between those of conventional liquids and those of solid crystals. For instance, a liquid crystal may flow like a liquid, but its molecules may be oriented in a crystal-like way.
What is thermotropic liquid crystal?
Thermotropic liquid crystals (LC) are anisotropic liquids that possess a mesophase (a phase with crystal and liquid properties) within a certain temperature range. In a spectrometer magnet, LC molecules tend to orient to a common direction which defines the director of the liquid crystal.
Why liquid crystals are called so?
A physicist who examined this material recognized that the cloudy liquid had a certain degree of order; he proposed that it was a hitherto unknown state of matter, and suggested the name “liquid crystal”.
What is nematic state?
Nematic Phases. The nematic liquid crystal phase is characterized by molecules that have no positional order but tend to point in the same direction (along the director). In the following diagram, notice that the molecules point vertically but are arranged with no particular order.
What is lyotropic behaviour?
Historically, the term was used to describe the common behavior of materials composed of amphiphilic molecules upon the addition of a solvent. Such molecules comprise a water-loving hydrophilic head-group (which may be ionic or non-ionic) attached to a water-hating, hydrophobic group.
What is a mesophase?
Jump to navigation Jump to search. In chemistry and chemical physics, a mesophase is a state of matter intermediate between liquid and solid.
What is the meaning of integrity?
2 : the state of being complete or whole Without music, the film loses its integrity. They are trying to preserve the cultural integrity of the community. The earthquake may have damaged the building’s structural integrity.
What are the basic tenets of integrity?
Honesty and trust are central to integrity. Acting with honor and truthfulness are also basic tenets in a person with integrity. People who demonstrate integrity draw others to them because they are trustworthy and dependable. They are principled and you can count on them to behave in honorable ways even when no one is watching.
Why do mesophases exhibit anisotropy?
Ultimately it is rendered to an isotropic state classically referred to as liquid. Mesophases occur before then when an intermediate state of order is still maintained as in the nematic, smectic, and columnar phases of liquid crystals. Mesophases thus exhibit anisotropy.