How do I read my quad screen results?
What the results mean
- Higher than normal AFP levels could mean that your baby has an open neural tube defect such as spina bifida or anencephaly.
- Lower than normal AFP, hCG, and inhibin A levels could mean that you have higher chances of having a baby with Down syndrome or trisomy 18.
What does quad screen detect?
It evaluates whether your baby is at risk of Down syndrome, extra sequences of chromosome 13 (trisomy 13), extra sequences of chromosome 18 (trisomy 18) or a sex chromosome abnormality, such as Turner syndrome. A normal result might eliminate the need for an invasive prenatal diagnostic test.
How accurate is quad screen for Down syndrome?
How accurate is the quad screen? The quad screen detects at least 70 percent of babies with trisomy 18 and about 85 percent of those with neural tube defects. For Down syndrome, the quad screen detects about 81 percent of affected babies.
What is normal range of quadruple marker test?
Results: Levels of all quadruple test parameters were statistically significantly increased in ART pregnancies when compared to spontaneous pregnancies, AFP was 1.4±0.74 and 1.16±0.53, (p=0.001), uE3 was 1.10±0.37 and 1.00±0.28, (p=0.004), hCG was 1.56±1.04 and 1.26±0.76, (p=0.001), inhibin A was 1.38±0.76 and 1.08± …
What causes false positive quad screen?
However, the most common reason for elevated AFP levels is inaccurate dating of the pregnancy. Low levels of AFP and abnormal levels of hCG and estriol may indicate that the developing baby has Trisomy 21(Down syndrome), Trisomy 18 (Edwards Syndrome) or another type of chromosome abnormality.
What is MoM in quadruple test?
This 4-marker screen includes alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), estriol (uE3), human chorionic gonadotropin (total beta-hCG: ThCG), and inhibin A. Analyte values are compared to median values at a given gestational age and multiple of the median (MoM) results obtained.
What are early signs of Down syndrome in pregnancy?
At birth, babies with Down syndrome usually have certain characteristic signs, including:
- flat facial features.
- small head and ears.
- short neck.
- bulging tongue.
- eyes that slant upward.
- atypically shaped ears.
- poor muscle tone.
Who is high risk for Down’s syndrome in pregnancy?
Women who are 35 years or older when they become pregnant are more likely to have a pregnancy affected by Down syndrome than women who become pregnant at a younger age. However, the majority of babies with Down syndrome are born to mothers less than 35 years old, because there are many more births among younger women.
How often do you get a false-positive for Down syndrome?
Results: At 15 years of age the detection rate was 77% at a 1.9% false positive rate, 84% at a 4% false positive rate at age 30, rising to 100% at a 67% false positive rate at age 49. The probability of Down’s Syndrome once identified with an increased risk was 1:34 at 15 years, 1:29 at 30 years and 1:6 at 49 years.
What do the Quad screen results mean?
Quad screen results give the level of risk of carrying a baby who has certain conditions compared with the general population’s risk. Keep in mind that a positive quad screen simply means that levels of some or all of the substances measured in your blood were outside the normal range.
What are the limitations of the Quad screen?
Specimens submitted before 14.0 weeks or after 22.9 weeks gestation cannot be properly evaluated for open neural tube defects, Down Syndrome or Trisomy 18. The Maternal Serum Screen Requisition designed to obtain patient data and the patient’s informed consent must be utilized when ordering the Quad Screen test.
What is inhibin-A in the Quad screen?
Inhibin-A: inhibin-A is a protein produced by the placenta and ovaries The quad screen is a maternal blood screening test which is similar to the Triple Screen Test (also know as AFP Plus and the Multiple Marker Screening). However, the quad screen looks for not only the three specific substances evaluated in those tests (AFP,…
How accurate is the Quad screen for Down syndrome?
The quad screen correctly identifies about 80 percent of women who are carrying a baby who has Down syndrome. About 5 percent of women have a false-positive result, meaning that the test result is positive but the baby doesn’t actually have Down syndrome.