How does stress affect photosynthesis?
Water stress reduced photosynthesis, initially as a consequence of stomatal closure, but after 3 days increasingly by inhibiting directly the photosynthetic capacity (mesophyll limitation).
Why photosynthesis is called energy transducing process?
Answer: Photosynthesis is a physico-chemical process by which plants, algae and some types of bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy. After that, photosynthetic organisms transform light energy to chemical energy through a series of energy transducing reactions.
Is chlorophyll a fluorophore?
Chlorophyll fluorescence is light re-emitted by chlorophyll molecules during return from excited to non-excited states. It is used as an indicator of photosynthetic energy conversion in plants, algae and bacteria.
What is photosynthetic induction?
Photosynthetic induction describes the transient increase in leaf CO2 uptake with an increase in light. During induction, efficiency is lower than at steady state. Under field conditions of fluctuating light, this lower efficiency during induction may cost > 20% of potential crop assimilation.
How do plants respond to stress?
Some plants can increase the growth of certain plant parts as a response to specific stresses; they can, for example, increase root growth in response to mild drought or increase stem growth in response to low light or flooding conditions (Xu et al., 2006; Zhao et al., 2014).
What is stress in plants?
Introduction. Stress in plants refers to external conditions that adversely affect growth, development or productivity of plants [1]. Stresses trigger a wide range of plant responses like altered gene expression, cellular metabolism, changes in growth rates, crop yields, etc.
What is Z scheme in biology?
The “Z‐scheme” describes the oxidation/reduction changes during the light reactions of photosynthesis.
How do cam C3 and C4 plants differ?
The main difference between C3 C4 and CAM photosynthesis is that C3 photosynthesis produces a three-carbon compound via the Calvin cycle, and C4 photosynthesis produces an intermediate four-carbon compound, which split into a three-carbon compound for the Calvin cycle, whereas CAM photosynthesis gathers sunlight during …
What do you mean by sunken stomata?
A sunken stomata is a stomata in a small pit, i.e. stomata are embedded into the leaf layers rather than on the surface of the leaves. This helps in protecting against the escaping water vapor from air currents thereby decreasing water loss from the leaf and hence decreasing transpiration.
What is stomatal index?
The stomatal index of the leaf is the ratio of the number of stomata to the total number of stomata and epidermal cells.
Why do plants get stressed?
Plants get stressed too. Environmental factors such as drought or a high concentration of salt in the soil disrupt their physiology. All land plants, from liverwort to rye, use a complex signalling cascade under stressful conditions.
What is Z in photosynthesis?
The “Z‐scheme” describes the oxidation/reduction changes during the light reactions of photosynthesis. In the Z‐scheme, electrons are removed from water (to the left) and then donated to the lower (non‐excited) oxidized form of P680.
What is Z scheme or non-cyclic photophosphorylation?
Z-scheme is the graphical representation of the electron transport pathway according to the redox potential pathway. It occurs in non-cyclic phosphorylation. 1. In this process, electron flows from water to reduce NADP to NADPH.
Is CAM pathway and C4 same?
The main difference between C4 and CAM plants is the way they minimize water loss. C4 plants relocate the CO2 molecules to minimize photorespiration while CAM plants choose when to extract CO2 from the environment.
What is CAM and C4?
C4 and CAM plants are plants that use certain special compounds to gather carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) during photosynthesis. Using these compounds allows these plants to extract more CO 2 from a given amount of air, helping them prevent water loss in dry climates.
What is photosynthesis and respiration?
What is Photosynthesis. Animals take in gases through a process called respiration. During the respiration process, animals inhale all of the gases in the atmosphere, but the only gas that is retained and not immediately exhaled is oxygen. Plants, however, take in and use carbon dioxide gas for photosynthesis.
What is the overall reaction for photosynthesis?
Above is the overall reaction for photosynthesis. Using the energy from light and the hydrogens and electrons from water, the plant combines the carbons found in carbon dioxide into more complex molecules.
How does photosynthesis change the energy of light?
Photosynthesis changes sunlight into chemical energy, splits water to liberate O2, and fixes CO2 into sugar. Photosynthetic organisms are photoautotrophs, which means that they are able to synthesize food directly from carbon dioxide and water using energy from light.
What is another name for photorespiration?
The salvaging pathway for the products of RuBisCO oxygenase activity is more commonly known as photorespiration, since it is characterized by light-dependent oxygen consumption and the release of carbon dioxide. ^ “photosynthesis”. Online Etymology Dictionary.