What is the most appropriate treatment for CMV retinitis?
Induction therapy for CMV retinitis is usually with one of four available drugs, ie, ganciclovir, foscavir, cidofovir (all intravenous), oral valganciclovir, or surgical placement of the intravitreal ganciclovir implant.
Which antiviral agent helps treat serious cytomegalovirus retinitis in immunocompromised patients?
Cidofovir (CDV) Cidofovir (Vistide®) is a broad spectrum antiviral drug with potent activity against CMV and herpes virus infections both in vitro and in vivo [33-36]. It is an acyclic nucleoside phosphonate, approved in 1996 for the treatment of CMV retinitis in AIDS patients.
What is the drug of choice for cytomegalovirus?
The drug of choice for treatment of CMV disease is intravenous ganciclovir, although valganciclovir may be used for nonsevere CMV treatment in selected cases.
When do you start Haart in CMV retinitis?
Patients in the HAART group typically began HAART within 30 days of the diagnosis of CMV retinitis. However, two patients in this group began HAART much later, commencing at 298 and 313 days after the diagnosis.
How do you treat retinitis?
At this time, there is no specific treatment for retinitis pigmentosa. However, protecting your eye’s retina by using UV sunglasses may help delay the start of symptoms. A retinal prosthesis (artificial retina) has been developed for individuals with very advanced disease and severe vision loss.
What type of drug is ganciclovir?
Ganciclovir is an antiviral. It is used to treat infections caused by viruses. Ganciclovir is used to treat the symptoms of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection of the eyes in people whose immune system is not working fully. This includes patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
Can CMV be treated with antivirals?
There are currently four antiviral drugs licensed for the treatment of CMV infections: ganciclovir (GCV), valganciclovir (VGCV), foscarnet (FOS), and cidofovir (CDV).
What drug is used to treat cytomegalovirus CMV an inflammation of the retina that is caused by a virus?
Drugs for CMV Retinitis. The anti-viral drugs commonly used to treat CMV retinitis are ganciclovir (Cytovene), foscarnet (Foscavir) and cidofovir (Vistide). They can slow down the progression of CMV, but they can’t cure it. Like many drugs, these treatments can cause unpleasant or serious side effects.
What is the difference between acyclovir and ganciclovir?
Ganciclovir is a nucleoside analog of 2-deoxyguanosine, similar to acyclovir. Despite its structural similarities with acyclovir, ganciclovir is much more active in vitro against CMV than acyclovir. Ganciclovir inhibits all herpesviruses, including CMV, by preventing DNA elongation.
Is ganciclovir a chemo?
Conclusions: Ganciclovir is the only antiviral chemotherapy which reduces the risk of CMV infection or disease after most types of major transplantation.
How is CMV retinitis confirmed?
CMV retinitis is diagnosed through an ophthalmologic exam. Dilation of the pupils and ophthalmoscopy will show signs of CMV retinitis. CMV infection can be diagnosed with blood or urine tests that look for substances specific to the infection.
How is cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis treated?
Induction therapy for CMV retinitis is usually with one of four available drugs, ie, ganciclovir, foscavir, cidofovir (all intravenous), oral valganciclovir, or surgical placement of the intravitreal ganciclovir implant.
What is Cytomegalovirus retinitis in pediatric lymphoblastic leukemia?
Cytomegalovirus retinitis as an adverse immunological effect of pulses of vincristine and dexamethasone in maintenance therapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Moritake H, Kamimura S, Kojima H, et al. Pediatr Blood Cancer.
What is the prevalence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in AIDS?
Abstract Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis is the most common cause of vision loss in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). CMV retinitis afflicted 25% to 42% of AIDS patients in the pre-highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era, with most vision loss due to macula-involving retinitis or retinal detachment.
When should cytomegalovirus (CMV) therapy be stopped?
The decision to stop CMV therapy depends upon many factors, including rising CD4+T-lymphocyte counts, falling systemic HIV loads (preferably to undetectable), duration of HAART (at least three months), and inactivity of CMV lesions.