What is diglossia According to Fishman?
According to Fishman (1967) , diglossia refers to all kinds of language varieties, from stylistic differences within one language or use of separate dialects to the use of (related or unrelated) separate languages.
What is meant by diglossia?
diglossia, the coexistence of two varieties of the same language throughout a speech community. Often, one form is the literary or prestige dialect, and the other is a common dialect spoken by most of the population.
How do Ferguson and Fishman differ in their concepts of diglossia?
Ferguson limited his view of diglossia to two language varie- ties, but Fishman allows for situations in which there are more than two languages.
Which is the most important criterion for diglossia?
The L-variety usually has less prestige than the H-variety and is made of the vernacular varieties used at home for informal everyday conversations. This specialization of function between H and L is seen as the most important criterion for the classification of a speech community as diglossic.
What is the problem of diglossia?
The most negative effects of diglossia on the students tongues are: firstly, not being able to use the spoken language as a basis for solving the problem of vernacular tone in speaking positions; because it is always observed the existence of linguistic poverty among students by using multiple vocabulary in their …
What is the main factor that contributes to diglossia?
Fishman explained that diglossia happens when people use more than one language which could be native language and the national or official language. In diglossia, Ferguson highlighted that people use a particular language in one situation and another language in a different situation.
When was diglossia first used?
Diglossia In the few years that have elapsed since Ferguson (1959) first advanced it, the term diglossia has not only become widely accepted by sociolinguists and sociologists of language, but it has been further extended and refined.
Is diglossia necessary for the study of bilingualism?
Many studies of bilingualism and intelligence or of bilingualism and school achievement have been conducted within the context of bilingualism without diglossia, often without sufficient understanding on the part of investigators that this was but one of several possible contexts for the study of bilingualism.
Do diglossic communities really exist?
According to Scotton, few truly diglossic (in the 1959 sense) communities actually exist, because to meet the criteria, two conditions must hold: “ (1) Everyone …speaks the Low variety as a mother tongue.” and “ (2) The High variety is never used …in informal conversations.”
What is a fisherman polity?
In general, this pattern f78 JOSHUA A.FISHMAN is characteristic of polities that are economically underdeveloped and unmobilized, combining groups that are locked into opposite extremes of the social spectrum and, therefore, groups that operate within extremely restricted and discontinuous linguistic repertoires.