What are the three histopathological patterns exhibited by a nasopharyngeal carcinoma?
There are three histological types of NPC: keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma, non-keratinizing differentiated carcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma.
WHO histological classification of nasopharyngeal carcinoma?
NPCs were histologically classified into the following four subtypes based on morphologic features: epithelial carcinoma (EC), sarcomatoid carcinoma (SC), mixed sarcomatoid-epithelial carcinoma (MSEC), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Specifically, EC is characterized by small, round tumor cells (Fig.
What is NPC in SlideShare?
Near point of convergence. SlideShare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. See our User Agreement and Privacy Policy.
How is nasopharyngeal cancer diagnosed?
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is diagnosed by biopsy of the tumor, which is often performed in clinic with a use of a small endoscope. This allows the head and neck surgeon to visualize the tumor and its extent. Imaging techniques (MRI and/or CT scan) may also help determine the extent of the tumor.
What is the histology of the nasopharynx?
Anatomy and Histology The epithelium of the nasopharynx is approximately 60% stratified, nonkeratinized squamous, the remainder comprises pseudostratified respiratory-type predominantly and lines the choanal and posterosuperior aspects (Fig. 1.43).
What is Trotter Triad?
Trotter’s syndrome is a clinical triad of unilateral deafness, neuralgia affecting branches of the trigeminal nerve, and defective mobility of the soft palate, which is caused by malignant tumors involving the lateral pharyngeal recess (Rosenmüller’s fossa).
Who nasopharyngeal carcinoma subtypes?
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), NPC is classified into 3 subtypes: Keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (WHO type 1) Nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (WHO type 2) Undifferentiated or poorly differentiated carcinoma, including lymphoepithelioma and anaplastic variants (WHO type 3)
How do you measure NPC?
To measure the NPC, the dot on the line is the standard target. The examiner holds the ruler and gently places the cheek rest on the inferior orbital margin. NPC is most accurately measured by the RNPR in the depressed position of 45 degrees (16).
What is nasopharyngeal carcinoma?
Nasopharyngeal cancer is a rare type of cancer that affects the part of the throat connecting the back of the nose to the back of the mouth (the pharynx).
What type of tissue is found in the nasopharynx?
The nasopharynx is lined by pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium with goblet cells (Dungworth, 1993). Abundant lymphoid nodules are present in the submucosa.
What is fossa of Rosenmuller?
The fossa of Rosenmüller is a bilateral projection of the nasopharynx just below the skull base. It is also called the lateral pharyngeal recess or simply the pharyngeal recess. The fossa is covered by nasopharyngeal mucosa and is the most common site of origin of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).
Which branch of trigeminal nerve is involved in Trotters Triad?
Trotter’s syndrome is a cluster of symptoms associated with certain types of advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The cause of pain is the mandibular nerve of the foramen ovale, through which the tumor enters the calvarium.
What is normal NPC?
The normal near point of convergence (NPC) is about 6-10 centimeters and the convergence recovery point (CRP) is 15 centimeters. If the NPC is more than 10 centimeters, this is a sign of poor convergence.
What structures are found in the nasopharynx?
The nasopharynx connects the nasal cavity to the oropharynx and contains the Eustachian tube openings and adenoids. Notable clinical situations include nasopharyngeal carcinoma and adenoidal hypertrophy.