What is acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis?
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is characterized by a brief but widespread attack of inflammation in the brain and spinal cord that damages myelin – the protective covering of nerve fibers. ADEM often follows viral or bacterial infections, or less often, vaccination for measles, mumps, or rubella.
What is ADM disorder?
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a neurological, immune-mediated disorder in which widespread inflammation of the brain and spinal cord damages tissue known as white matter. White matter is tissue composed of nerve fibers, many of which are covered by a collection of fats and proteins known as myelin.
Is ADEM curable?
This inherited condition will gradually cause PVL as well as affect night vision and even central vision as your retina deteriorates. There’s no cure for this rare condition, but you may be able to plan for the vision loss if it’s diagnosed early.
What are the symptoms of encephalomyelitis?
Encephalitis Symptoms
- Fever.
- Seizures.
- Headache.
- Movement disorders.
- Sensitivity to light.
- Sensitivity to sound.
- Neck stiffness.
- Loss of consciousness.
What triggers demyelination?
Demyelinating diseases are often caused by inflammation that attacks and destroys the myelin sheath. Inflammation can occur in response to an infection. Or it can attack the body as part of an autoimmune process. Toxins or infections can also harm myelin or may interfere with its production.
What is the difference between ADEM and MS?
ADEM generally consists of a single attack, while MS involves multiple attacks. In this instance, an MRI of the brain can help. MRIs can differentiate between older and newer lesions. The presence of multiple older lesions on the brain is more consistent with MS.
Does demyelinating disease mean MS?
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. In this disorder, your immune system attacks the myelin sheath or the cells that produce and maintain it.
Is perivenous demyelination associated with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (Ade)?
“Perivenous demyelination: association with clinically defined acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and comparison with pathologically confirmed multiple sclerosis”. Brain. 133 (Pt 2): 333–48. doi: 10.1093/brain/awp321. PMC 2822631.
What is the PMID for acute disseminated encephalomyelitis?
PMID 12973660. ^ a b c Schwarz S, Mohr A, Knauth M, Wildemann B, Storch-Hagenlocher B (May 2001). “Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: a follow-up study of 40 adult patients”.
What are the symptoms of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis?
The symptoms of ADEM appear quickly, beginning with fever, fatigue, headache, nausea and vomiting, and in severe cases, seizures and coma.
What are the treatment options for acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)?
However, the mainstay of treatment for ADEM is immunosuppression with high-dose intravenous glucocorticoids. These can be started simultaneously with acyclovir or antibiotics on the initial patient presentation.